Explanation to the Ampère Hairpin Experiment

Abstract

Ampère’s Hairpin Experiment is an old experiment within electromagnetism that has thus far been devoid of a reliable explanation. This paper proposes a solution to the problem by applying a rigorous interpretation of Coulomb’s Law, thereby taking into account the effects of retarded action and the Special Relativity Theory. This has already proved useful in explaining the collinear forces within electric currents in Ampère’s bridge and Graneau’s exploding wires. A model of an experimental set of Ampère’s Hairpin Experiment is proposed. Calculations corroborate that there will be an electromagnetic force pushing a metallic flat boat along the direction of an electric current in a trough, filled with liquid mercury. The shape of the set is done so that appropriate approximations will be allowed, thereby increasing the reader’s overview.