National Culture, Affective Commitment, and Employee Performance: An Integrated Review and Call for Future Research Agenda
- Articles
- Submited: October 31, 2019
-
Published: October 30, 2019
Abstract
This study is aimed to explore the relationship between national culture (i.e., power distance, masculinity,collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation), affective commitment, and employee performance. Specifically, this paper proposes that national culture affects many aspects of the organization, such as improving organizational innovation capabilities, organizational commitment, and employee performance.A high level of employees’ affective commitment towards the organization, it is possible that they have a sense of belonging and enthusiasm to do their jobs and achieve the goals. Furthermore, the theoretical implications and future research agenda are discussed.
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References
Akbar, A. B., Udin, Wahyudi, S., & Djastuti, I. (2018). Spiritual Leadership and Employee Performance: Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment in Indonesian Public University. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 13(12), 4344-4352.
Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990). The Measurement and Antecedents of Affective, Continuance and Normative Commitment to the Organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1-18.
Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (2000). Construct Validation in Organizational Behavior Research: The Case of Organizational Commitment. Problems and Solutions in Human Assessment, 285-314.
Ashraf, B. N., Zheng, C., & Arshad, S. (2016). Effects of national culture on bank risk-taking behavior. Research in International Business and Finance, 37, 309-326.
Bloom, N., Sadun, R., & Reenen, J. V. (2012). The Organization of Firms Across Countries. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 127(4), 1663-1705.
Boubakri, N., Mirzaei, A., & Samet, A. (2017). National culture and bank performance: Evidence from the recent financial crisis. Journal of Financial Stability, 29, 36-56.
Breuer, W., Ahmad, B., & Salzmann, A. J. (2018). National Culture, Managerial Preferences, and Takeover Performance. International Business Review, 27(6), 1270-1289.
Burney, L. L., Henle, C. A., & Widener, S. K. (2009). A path model examining the relations among strategic performance measurement system characteristics, organizational justice, and extra- and in- role performance. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 34(4), 305-321.
Calza, F., Cannavale, C., & Tutore, I. (2016). The important effects of national culture on the environmental proactivity of firms. Journal of Management Development, 35(8), 1011-1030.
Campbell, J. (1990). Modeling the performance prediction problem in industrial and organizational psychology, in Dunnette, M. and Hough, L. (Eds), Handbook of Organizational and Industrial Psychology. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
Casimir, G., Ng, Y. N. K., Wang, K. Y., & Ooi, G. (2014). The relationships amongst leader-member exchange, perceived organizational support, affective commitment, and in-role performance: A social-exchange perspective. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 35(5), 366-385.
Chang, P.-C., & Chen, S.-J. (2011). Crossing the level of employee's performance: HPWS, affective commitment, human capital, and employee job performance in professional service organizations. The International Journal of Human Resource Management 22(4), 883-901.
Chen, Y., Podolski, E. J., & Veeraraghavan, M. (2017). National culture and corporate innovation. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 43, 173-187.
Deephouse, D. L., Newburry, W., & Soleimani, A. (2016). The effects of institutional development and national culture on cross-national differences in corporate reputation. Journal of World Business, 51(3), 463-473.
Demes, K. A., & Geeraert, N. (2014). Measures matter scales for adaptation, cultural distance, and acculturation orientation revisited. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 45(1), 91-109.
Dessler, G. (2000). Manajemen Personalia. Edisi 3.Jakarta: Erlangga.
Eskildsen, J., Kristensen, K., & Gjesing Antvor, H. (2010). The relationship between job satisfaction and national culture. The TQM Journal, 22(4), 369-378.
Geiger, S. W., Robertson, C. J., & Irwin, J. G. (1998). The impact of cultural values on escalation of commitment. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 6(2), 165-176.
Glazer, S., & Kruse, B. (2008). The role of organizational commitment in occupational stress models. International Journal of Stress Management, 15(4), 329-344.
Harrison, D. A., Newman, D. A., & Roth, P. L. (2006). How Important Are Job Attitudes? Meta-Analytic Comparisons of Integrative Behavioral Outcomes and Time Sequences. The Academy of Management Journal, 49(2), 305-325.
Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations. Beverly Hills: Sage Publication.
Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J., & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind, Third Edition Paperback. London: Harper Collins.
House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, Leadership, and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies. Palo Alto, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Jaramillo, F., Mulki, J. P., & Marshall, G. W. (2005). A meta-analysis of the relationship between organizational commitment and salesperson job performance: 25 years of research. Journal of Business Research, 58(6), 705-714.
Kim, S. K. (2003). A cross-national study of interdependence structure and distributor attitudes: the moderating effect of group orientation. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 20(2), 193-214.
Kirkman, B. L., Lowe, K. B., & Gibson, C. B. (2006). A Review of Empirical Research Incorporating Hofstede's Cultural Values Framework. Journal of International Business Studies, 37(3), 285-320.
Kluckhohn, F. R., & Strodtbeck, F. L. (1961). Variations in Value Orientations. Evanston, Ill: Row, Peterson.
Kwantes, C. T. (2009). Culture, job satisfaction and organizational commitment in India and the United States. Journal of Indian Business Research, 1(4), 196-212.
Landry, G., & Vandenberghe, C. (2012). Relational commitments in employee–supervisor dyads and employee job performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(3), 293-308.
Lau, P. Y. Y., Tong, J. L. T., Lien, B. Y.-H., Hsu, Y.-C., & Chong, C. L. (2017). Ethical work climate, employee commitment and proactive customer service performance: Test of the mediating effects of organizational politics. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 35, 20-26.
Li, C., & Parboteeah, P. (2015). The effect of culture on the responsiveness of firms to mimetic forces: Imitative foreign joint venture entries into China, 1985–2003. Journal of World Business, 50(3), 465-476.
Mammadov, K., & Galusca, T. (2005). Knowledge Management and National Culture in SMEs: A case study of Turkish SMEs in Sweden. Linköping: Ekonomiska institutionen.
Mathis, R. L., & Jackson, J. H. (2009). Human Resource Management. Mason, OH, USA: South-Western Cengage Learning.
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61-89.
Meyer, J. P., Stanley, D. J., Herscovitch, L., & LaryssaTopolnytsky. (2002). Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to the Organization: A Meta-analysis of Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61(1), 20-52.
Nazarian, A., Atkinson, P., & Foroudi, P. (2017). Influence of national culture and balanced organizational culture on the hotel industry’s performance. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 63, 22-32.
Newburry, W., & Yakova, N. (2006). Standardization preferences: a function of national culture, work interdependence and local embeddedness. Journal of International Business Studies, 37(1), 44-60.
Nitzl, C. (2016). The use of partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) in management accounting research: Directions for future theory development. Journal of Accounting Literature, 37, 19-35.
Parboteeah, K. P., Addae, H. M., & Cullen, J. B. (2012). Propensity to Support Sustainability Initiatives: A Cross-National Model. Journal of Business Ethics, 105(3), 403-413.
Pfeffer, J. (1981). Power in Organizations. Cambridge: Ballinger Publishing Company.
Ren, H., & Gray, B. (2009). Repairing Relationship Conflict: How Violation Types and Culture Influence the Effectiveness of Restoration Rituals. The Academy of Management Review6 34(1), 105-126.
Rhoades, L., Eisenberger, R., & Armeli, S. (2001). Affective commitment to the organization: the contribution of perceived organizational support. The Journal of applied psychology, 86(5), 825-836.
Ringov, D., & Zollo, M. (2007). Corporate responsibility from a socio-institutional perspective - The impact of national culture on corporate social performance. Corporate governance, 7(4), 476-485.
Robbins, S. (2003). Perilaku Organisasi. Jakarta: PT Indeks Kelompok Gramedia.
Ryu, S., Lee, E.-J., & Lee, W. J. (2011). A cross-cultural study of interfirm power structure and commitment: the effect of collectivism. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 26(2), 92-103.
Sam, D. L., & Berry, J. W. (2010). Acculturation when individuals and groups of different cultural backgrounds meet. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5, 472-481.
Semedo, A. S. D., Coelho, A. F. M., & Ribeiro, N. M. P. (2016). Effects of authentic leadership, affective commitment and job resourcefulness on employees’ creativity and individual performance. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 37(8), 1038-1055.
Swailes, S. (2004). Commitment to change: Profiles of commitment and in-role performance. Personnel Review, 33(2), 187-204.
Swalhi, A., Zgoulli, S., & Hofaidhllaoui, M. (2017). The influence of organizational justice on job performance: The mediating effect of affective commitment. Journal of Management Development, 36(4), 542-559.
Szolucha, A. (2013). Learning Consensus Decision-Making in Occupy: Uncertainty, Responsibility, Commitment. Research in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change, 36, 205-233.
Top, S., Öge, E., Atan, Ö., & Gümüş, S. (2015). Investigation Relational Levels of Intensity Between Paternalistic and Servant Leadership Styles and National Culture, Organizational Commitment and Subordinate Responses or Reactions to The Leaders Style. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 181, 12-22.
Triandis, H. C. (2004). Culture and Social Behavior. Boston, Mass: McGraw Hill Custom Publishing.
Trompenaars, F., & Hampden-Turner, C. (2012). Riding the Waves of Culture: Understanding Diversity in Global Business 3nd Edition. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Udin, Handayani, S., Yuniawan, A., & Rahardja, E. (2017). Antecedents and Consequences of Affective Commitment among Indonesian Engineers Working in Automobile Sector: An Investigation of Affecting Variables for Improvement in Engineers Role. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(10), 70–79.
Ugboro, I. O. (2006). Organizational Commitment, Job Redesign, Employee Empowerment and Intent to Quit Among Survivors of Restructuring and Downsizing. Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management, 7(3), 232-257.
Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment as Predictors of Organizational Citizenship Behavior and In-Role Behavior. Journal of Management, 17(3), 601-617.
Wombacher, J. C., & Felfe, J. (2017). Dual commitment in the organization: Effects of the interplay of team and organizational commitment on employee citizenship behavior, efficacy beliefs, and turnover intentions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 102, 1-14.
Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990). The Measurement and Antecedents of Affective, Continuance and Normative Commitment to the Organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1-18.
Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (2000). Construct Validation in Organizational Behavior Research: The Case of Organizational Commitment. Problems and Solutions in Human Assessment, 285-314.
Ashraf, B. N., Zheng, C., & Arshad, S. (2016). Effects of national culture on bank risk-taking behavior. Research in International Business and Finance, 37, 309-326.
Bloom, N., Sadun, R., & Reenen, J. V. (2012). The Organization of Firms Across Countries. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 127(4), 1663-1705.
Boubakri, N., Mirzaei, A., & Samet, A. (2017). National culture and bank performance: Evidence from the recent financial crisis. Journal of Financial Stability, 29, 36-56.
Breuer, W., Ahmad, B., & Salzmann, A. J. (2018). National Culture, Managerial Preferences, and Takeover Performance. International Business Review, 27(6), 1270-1289.
Burney, L. L., Henle, C. A., & Widener, S. K. (2009). A path model examining the relations among strategic performance measurement system characteristics, organizational justice, and extra- and in- role performance. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 34(4), 305-321.
Calza, F., Cannavale, C., & Tutore, I. (2016). The important effects of national culture on the environmental proactivity of firms. Journal of Management Development, 35(8), 1011-1030.
Campbell, J. (1990). Modeling the performance prediction problem in industrial and organizational psychology, in Dunnette, M. and Hough, L. (Eds), Handbook of Organizational and Industrial Psychology. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
Casimir, G., Ng, Y. N. K., Wang, K. Y., & Ooi, G. (2014). The relationships amongst leader-member exchange, perceived organizational support, affective commitment, and in-role performance: A social-exchange perspective. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 35(5), 366-385.
Chang, P.-C., & Chen, S.-J. (2011). Crossing the level of employee's performance: HPWS, affective commitment, human capital, and employee job performance in professional service organizations. The International Journal of Human Resource Management 22(4), 883-901.
Chen, Y., Podolski, E. J., & Veeraraghavan, M. (2017). National culture and corporate innovation. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 43, 173-187.
Deephouse, D. L., Newburry, W., & Soleimani, A. (2016). The effects of institutional development and national culture on cross-national differences in corporate reputation. Journal of World Business, 51(3), 463-473.
Demes, K. A., & Geeraert, N. (2014). Measures matter scales for adaptation, cultural distance, and acculturation orientation revisited. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 45(1), 91-109.
Dessler, G. (2000). Manajemen Personalia. Edisi 3.Jakarta: Erlangga.
Eskildsen, J., Kristensen, K., & Gjesing Antvor, H. (2010). The relationship between job satisfaction and national culture. The TQM Journal, 22(4), 369-378.
Geiger, S. W., Robertson, C. J., & Irwin, J. G. (1998). The impact of cultural values on escalation of commitment. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 6(2), 165-176.
Glazer, S., & Kruse, B. (2008). The role of organizational commitment in occupational stress models. International Journal of Stress Management, 15(4), 329-344.
Harrison, D. A., Newman, D. A., & Roth, P. L. (2006). How Important Are Job Attitudes? Meta-Analytic Comparisons of Integrative Behavioral Outcomes and Time Sequences. The Academy of Management Journal, 49(2), 305-325.
Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations. Beverly Hills: Sage Publication.
Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J., & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind, Third Edition Paperback. London: Harper Collins.
House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, Leadership, and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies. Palo Alto, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Jaramillo, F., Mulki, J. P., & Marshall, G. W. (2005). A meta-analysis of the relationship between organizational commitment and salesperson job performance: 25 years of research. Journal of Business Research, 58(6), 705-714.
Kim, S. K. (2003). A cross-national study of interdependence structure and distributor attitudes: the moderating effect of group orientation. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 20(2), 193-214.
Kirkman, B. L., Lowe, K. B., & Gibson, C. B. (2006). A Review of Empirical Research Incorporating Hofstede's Cultural Values Framework. Journal of International Business Studies, 37(3), 285-320.
Kluckhohn, F. R., & Strodtbeck, F. L. (1961). Variations in Value Orientations. Evanston, Ill: Row, Peterson.
Kwantes, C. T. (2009). Culture, job satisfaction and organizational commitment in India and the United States. Journal of Indian Business Research, 1(4), 196-212.
Landry, G., & Vandenberghe, C. (2012). Relational commitments in employee–supervisor dyads and employee job performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(3), 293-308.
Lau, P. Y. Y., Tong, J. L. T., Lien, B. Y.-H., Hsu, Y.-C., & Chong, C. L. (2017). Ethical work climate, employee commitment and proactive customer service performance: Test of the mediating effects of organizational politics. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 35, 20-26.
Li, C., & Parboteeah, P. (2015). The effect of culture on the responsiveness of firms to mimetic forces: Imitative foreign joint venture entries into China, 1985–2003. Journal of World Business, 50(3), 465-476.
Mammadov, K., & Galusca, T. (2005). Knowledge Management and National Culture in SMEs: A case study of Turkish SMEs in Sweden. Linköping: Ekonomiska institutionen.
Mathis, R. L., & Jackson, J. H. (2009). Human Resource Management. Mason, OH, USA: South-Western Cengage Learning.
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61-89.
Meyer, J. P., Stanley, D. J., Herscovitch, L., & LaryssaTopolnytsky. (2002). Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to the Organization: A Meta-analysis of Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61(1), 20-52.
Nazarian, A., Atkinson, P., & Foroudi, P. (2017). Influence of national culture and balanced organizational culture on the hotel industry’s performance. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 63, 22-32.
Newburry, W., & Yakova, N. (2006). Standardization preferences: a function of national culture, work interdependence and local embeddedness. Journal of International Business Studies, 37(1), 44-60.
Nitzl, C. (2016). The use of partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) in management accounting research: Directions for future theory development. Journal of Accounting Literature, 37, 19-35.
Parboteeah, K. P., Addae, H. M., & Cullen, J. B. (2012). Propensity to Support Sustainability Initiatives: A Cross-National Model. Journal of Business Ethics, 105(3), 403-413.
Pfeffer, J. (1981). Power in Organizations. Cambridge: Ballinger Publishing Company.
Ren, H., & Gray, B. (2009). Repairing Relationship Conflict: How Violation Types and Culture Influence the Effectiveness of Restoration Rituals. The Academy of Management Review6 34(1), 105-126.
Rhoades, L., Eisenberger, R., & Armeli, S. (2001). Affective commitment to the organization: the contribution of perceived organizational support. The Journal of applied psychology, 86(5), 825-836.
Ringov, D., & Zollo, M. (2007). Corporate responsibility from a socio-institutional perspective - The impact of national culture on corporate social performance. Corporate governance, 7(4), 476-485.
Robbins, S. (2003). Perilaku Organisasi. Jakarta: PT Indeks Kelompok Gramedia.
Ryu, S., Lee, E.-J., & Lee, W. J. (2011). A cross-cultural study of interfirm power structure and commitment: the effect of collectivism. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 26(2), 92-103.
Sam, D. L., & Berry, J. W. (2010). Acculturation when individuals and groups of different cultural backgrounds meet. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5, 472-481.
Semedo, A. S. D., Coelho, A. F. M., & Ribeiro, N. M. P. (2016). Effects of authentic leadership, affective commitment and job resourcefulness on employees’ creativity and individual performance. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 37(8), 1038-1055.
Swailes, S. (2004). Commitment to change: Profiles of commitment and in-role performance. Personnel Review, 33(2), 187-204.
Swalhi, A., Zgoulli, S., & Hofaidhllaoui, M. (2017). The influence of organizational justice on job performance: The mediating effect of affective commitment. Journal of Management Development, 36(4), 542-559.
Szolucha, A. (2013). Learning Consensus Decision-Making in Occupy: Uncertainty, Responsibility, Commitment. Research in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change, 36, 205-233.
Top, S., Öge, E., Atan, Ö., & Gümüş, S. (2015). Investigation Relational Levels of Intensity Between Paternalistic and Servant Leadership Styles and National Culture, Organizational Commitment and Subordinate Responses or Reactions to The Leaders Style. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 181, 12-22.
Triandis, H. C. (2004). Culture and Social Behavior. Boston, Mass: McGraw Hill Custom Publishing.
Trompenaars, F., & Hampden-Turner, C. (2012). Riding the Waves of Culture: Understanding Diversity in Global Business 3nd Edition. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Udin, Handayani, S., Yuniawan, A., & Rahardja, E. (2017). Antecedents and Consequences of Affective Commitment among Indonesian Engineers Working in Automobile Sector: An Investigation of Affecting Variables for Improvement in Engineers Role. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(10), 70–79.
Ugboro, I. O. (2006). Organizational Commitment, Job Redesign, Employee Empowerment and Intent to Quit Among Survivors of Restructuring and Downsizing. Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management, 7(3), 232-257.
Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment as Predictors of Organizational Citizenship Behavior and In-Role Behavior. Journal of Management, 17(3), 601-617.
Wombacher, J. C., & Felfe, J. (2017). Dual commitment in the organization: Effects of the interplay of team and organizational commitment on employee citizenship behavior, efficacy beliefs, and turnover intentions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 102, 1-14.
How to Cite
1.
National Culture, Affective Commitment, and Employee Performance: An Integrated Review and Call for Future Research Agenda. Journal of Research and Opinion [Internet]. 2019 Oct. 30 [cited 2024 Nov. 21];6(10):2502-9. Available from: https://researchopinion.in/index.php/jro/article/view/27
