The study examines existing relationship between oil producing communities and multinational oil companies in the Niger Delta, when responding to oil spills. The main objective of the study was to ensure that target communities in Rivers State benefit from improved relationship with relevant actors and improved oil spill prevention mechanism and procedures. The study was anchored on Marx theoretical framework. The nature of the study was qualitative, and the purposive sampling method was used to select Bomu community. Oral interview was used as the primary method of data collection from relevant stakeholders of the community. These stakeholders included paramount ruler, clergy, women leader, and elders of the community. The study found that Shell poor environmental practices in the area especially in relationship to clean up of oil spills sites and payment of compensation to affected individuals was a major cause of conflict between the community and Shell. The study recommended remediation of impacted sites, compensation of affected community members and swift response to oil spills as a way of improving relationship between Shell and community.

A business plan, as its name implies, is a plan that describes all the objectives and phases of a new business. In order to be successful, it is necessary to assess the expected feasibility considering all risks and uncertainties.

The present work has as main objective the evaluation of the profitability of a Hostel in the city of Porto, more precisely in Ribeira, a privileged place.

In a first phase, we start by presenting the business model through the Business Model Canvas, where in a single sheet we describe the main characteristics of the business focusing on the central idea of ​​creating value for the consumer. We move forward with a brief overview of the current market, as well as a small analysis of the existing offer and prices charged, confining ourselves to the vicinity of the predefined location, which we point out as the main competitive advantage.

After presenting the idea and description of the services provided, finally, we evaluate the financial interest through the analysis of the investment and financing, the estimated costs and generated revenues. In a final phase, we evaluate the sensitivity to negative variations and in a way they may call into question the viability of the Hostel.

The results obtained conclude that we are dealing with a business that has the necessary conditions to make the decision to move forward.

Addressing problems of high dynamic and behavioral complexity is a challenge because there are not a significant number of ‘tools’ available to enhance an understanding of complex problem, and to help determine potential leverage points for implementation in addressing complex problems.  Developing strategies to understand and potentially address Wicked Problems and Wild Messes require strategies and methodologies distinct from traditional problem solving tools and may augment existing Systems Thinking tools. Three potential approaches are presented for undertaking these complex problems including an enhanced version of the PESTLE analysis to include CURN analysis, a version of Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) investigation, and a transposed TRIZ methodology.

While addressing problems of high dynamic and behavioral complexity is a challenge by themselves, the challenge is further complicated by the presence of barriers to critical thinking.  It is suggested that understanding and acknowledging these barriers to critical thinking is necessary in order to develop resolutions that are acceptable to society for complex problems.  Four potential approaches are presented for undertaking a determination of a variety of barriers to critical thinking.

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